• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    This disclosure is concerned with novel water-tight boxes for submergence in the sea, containing preferably fresh-water ice produced in another location and inserted into the box, with cooling means associated with the box that compensates for heat from the environment surrounding the box that would otherwise commence to melt the ice.
    公开号:SU1220572A3
    申请号:SU813254445
    申请日:1981-02-26
    公开日:1986-03-23
    发明作者:Хусебюэ Эйстейн
    申请人:Ejstejn Khusebyue；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to hydraulic structures and relates to a method and apparatus for producing large bodies of ice for use, for example, as bases for structures for drilling or production equipment in offshore oil production such as breakwaters, wharves, for large bulk works and t .P.
    The aim of the invention is to reduce the time required for the construction of large ice bodies.
    FIG. Figure 1 shows an ice body at the initial stage of its production, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 - ice body obtained by the proposed method and intended for use as a drilling or advanced platform, longitudinal section; option; in fig. 3 is an ice body obtained by the inventive method when a drilling rig is placed between two ice bodies, a longitudinal section, the second embodimentJ in FIG. 4 shows an apparatus for producing an icy body, top view. . Floating waterproof formwork 1, consisting of the bottom 2 and the surrounding side walls 3, was installed; they were built in a quiet bay of a fjord. The formwork cage is made of wood or metal, and isopores are used as the insulating material. As the ice body 4 is produced, the walls can be extended with the help of connecting elements 5.
    Water freezing is done in several ways. Fresh water from a river or a large lake in the vicinity is supplied to one or several ice-producing plants that receive ice flakes, ice cubes, etc., which are fed in an even flow through nozzles 6 into the mold. Together with the ice flakes supplied from the nozzles 6, the water with the lowest possible temperature is sprayed through the nozzles 7. The ice flakes from the freezer have such a low temperature that the water between them I.PI ice cubes freezes into solid ice. Instead of ice, flakes or pieces of a freezer can produce ice lashes that can be twisted in tight spirals one over the other. To cope with the iceberg, the outer surfaces must be insulated by isolating
    0
    five
    0
    five
    0
    five
    8. Above the WATER surface, the insulation may consist of wired fiberglass or filler mats with a protective or reflective surface, but may also consist of lashes of these materials, which are wound as part of a specified helix. At greater depths in the sea, due to the increased pressure, the insulation should be positioned in a slightly different way than above the surface of the water, for example, using one or more skirts of highly reinforced foil. The water in the skirts has an insulating effect, and direct contact between the ice surface and the water jets is eliminated. This method can be used in combination with the winding method, with the skirts being unwound gradually as the completed ice body sinks into the sea. Skirts supply with cargo.
    In order to remove the heat that penetrates the insulation, it is necessary to place the cooling elements 9 at some distance inside the insulation along the outer surfaces of the body. These may be cooling tubes that are part of these spiral turns. The cooling effect can be monitored automatically according to the temperature readings, which are continuously obtained using temperature sensors frozen in and distributed over the ice.
    When ice is produced, a large amount of heat is generated. This heat can be used as heat for nearby buildings or for the intensive cultivation of fish or mussels (oysters). Heat can serve as the basis for power plants operating on temperature differences (cold water of the fjord with respect to the resulting 6bfTKy heat).
    For the convenience of transporting ice on the sea from the place of destination to the destination, its vertical height and, thus, the draft should not be too large so that the body displacing so much water can pass over the smallest tow points. At the destination, the vertical height can be increased so that the body is at rest on the seabed.
    and could withstand all the forces of currents, waves, wind, etc.
    The planned installation of equipment on an ice body, which cannot be done on shore, can be carried out at the destination. On the upper surface of the ice body, buildings 10 and other structures such as a drilling rig 11 can be erected. If the ice body needs to be used as an oil production platform, valves can be installed on its surface, pumping equipment for loading tankers, etc. build a helipad 12 or a short runway, since the ice body can be very large in the horizontal direction compared to offshore platforms. If the ice on the structure is at a depth of about 100 m, then it can have a diameter of about 250 m. Staff rooms, production facilities 13, and also warehouses 14 can be positioned inside the ice mass in the same way as in the Antarctic stations. In this case, they are protected from the weather and wind. Large ballast tanks, such as warehouses 14, can also be used to increase body draft at the destination. If a large storage facility of warehouse 14 is cut in ice at the place where it was received, for example, on the coast, then this gives the ice body a smaller draft compared to a solid ice body of the same size. Warehouse space 14 can be made so large that the ice body swims over the smallest places along its towing route. At the destination of the premises under warehouses 14, it can be filled with supercooled water, such as salt water, having a higher salt content, so that the liquid remains in a liquid state at temperatures from about -5 to -8 ° C. The draft of the body increases, the body exerts a somewhat greater pressure on the seabed and will acquire sufficient stability. In storage tanks 14, it is also possible to store oil or liquefied gas. If the storage rooms of the warehouses are not filled with oil, they can be filled with sea water if necessary to give the ice body a sufficient weight.
    Direct access to the seabed can be provided by arranging the internal cavity 15, which extends from the upper part of the ice body down to the bottom. If the body is compacted with respect to the external pressure of the water by creating the surrounding skirt 16, which is pressed into the seabed under the influence of a large ice body weight, then a drilling hole 17 can be installed in the cavity 15 or direct access to the upper part of the well may be provided. Thus, it is possible to provide the same conditions as on the ground for drilling and oil production. Heavy constructions, such as building 10 or drill 11, can cause undesirable ice creep. Sliding may be greatest in a zone near the surface of the water, because there is no opposite pressure from the outside, or it is too small. Therefore, supports 18 are installed for such structures of buildings to a certain depth below the surface of the water, to a level where the tendency for ice to slide is minimal. At this level, the bases are located on the load sharing plates 19.
    To prevent water leaking under the skirt 16 and its penetration into cavity 15 in the ice body, at least in its lower part, the temperature is maintained so low that the seabed freezes to a sufficient depth.
    When ice is exposed to high pressure, it becomes semi-fluid and slips occur in it. To prevent this, an ice body at least in the zone around the surface of the water is obtained inside the form: 20 (Fig. 4). This shape may consist of two concentric rings 21 and 22, and the inner ring 21 is so elastic that it resists, but moves with the landslide. This ring is also equipped with fasteners in the form of radially directed zat 23, which are rigidly frozen in ice. The outer ring 22 is a hard, rigid ring, and compressed gas is fed into the space 24 between the two rings, with which ice can be controlled to creep. The outer ring is so heavy that it can slip over the body. In order to improve this on
    They install buoyancy tanks or make the ring slightly conical in shape so that an upward force arises as a reaction to the sliding of ice.
    Since ice creeps mainly on the surface of the water, in an area where there is significant erosion under the action of waves, isolated concrete cassettes can be used, which are pressed to the ice surface with steel cables passing from the cassette to the cassette around the whole body. In this way, a breakwater effect is obtained, and at the same time technical isolation and creep resistance are provided. In addition, granulated material such as sand, sawdust or the like can be frozen into ice to reduce creep.
    Granular material of this type in combination with temperature control reduces the creeping tendency and, depending on the situation
    It can act as a ballast, or as an additional means of buoyancy according to the density of the chosen material, greater or less than ice.
    The invention makes it possible to obtain ice bodies of various densities, for example, in a vertical plane, with the lower part giving a relatively higher density than the top, which favorably affects the stability and allows
    to increase the height in relation to the width, which would be difficult to dry; In addition, ice bodies can be obtained, which are entirely submerged in the sea, and can serve, for example, as permanent bases for drilling and production platforms at large ocean depths near polar regions. The method can also be used to create artificial
    horns in fiords or narrow bays.
    P
    t / a.J
    FIG.
    VNIIPI Order 1336/62 Circulation 641 Subscription Branch of PPP Patent, Uzhgorod, Proektna St., 4
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. A method of producing bodies from ice, including the formation of an area under the ice body, the supply of supercooled fresh water and pieces of ice from the ice-freezing unit to the formation zone of the ice body, characterized in that, in order to reduce the construction time of large ice bodies, mainly for installation of a structure like a drilling platforms, mixing pieces of ice with water to form an ice body is carried out.
    in the coastal zone in a heat-insulating floating form corresponding to the overall dimensions of the structure being erected, while ballast tanks are formed in the ice body, then the ice body is transported to the installation site, and the ice body is put into the design position by filling the ballast tanks.
    [2]
    2. The method according to p. ^ Characterized in that structures such as drilling platforms are fixed in an ice body below the waterline.
    [3]
    3. The method of pop. ^ characterized in that the temperature of the lower part of the ice body is maintained equal to <9 the temperature of permafrost formation in the soil under the ice body at the place of its installation.
    [4]
    4. The way to pop. 1, characterized in that granular material in the form of sand or sawdust is frozen in the ice body.
    [5]
    5. A device for producing bodies from ice, made in the form of a container open on top, characterized in that in terms of capacity the container is made in the form of two concentrically arranged rings forming a cavity filled with compressed air, the inner ring being made elastic and the outer ring rigid .
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    US3750412A|1973-08-07|Method of forming and maintaining offshore ice structures
    US3749162A|1973-07-31|Arctic oil and gas development
    KR900000901B1|1990-02-19|Sea aquaculture installation
    US6099208A|2000-08-08|Ice composite bodies
    US3952527A|1976-04-27|Offshore platform for arctic environments
    US4523879A|1985-06-18|Ice barrier construction
    SU1220572A3|1986-03-23|Method of producing bodies from ice and device for effecting same
    US3738114A|1973-06-12|Method and apparatus for forming ice island for drilling or the like
    FI62697C|1983-02-10|FOERFARANDE VID DRIFT AV EN MARINKONSTRUKTION OCH EN KONSTRUKTION FOER UTFOERANDE AV FOERFARANDET
    US4055052A|1977-10-25|Arctic island
    US4456072A|1984-06-26|Ice island structure and drilling method
    CA1141977A|1983-03-01|Apparatus and method for forming off-shoreice island structure
    US3931715A|1976-01-13|Method of transporting ice structure
    US4512684A|1985-04-23|Mobile offshore structure for arctic exploratory drilling
    US3958426A|1976-05-25|Offshore harbor tank and installation
    US4432669A|1984-02-21|Ice island construction
    US4080797A|1978-03-28|Artificial ice pad for operating in a frigid environment
    CA1174063A|1984-09-11|Ice island construction
    US4648749A|1987-03-10|Method and apparatus for constructing an artificial island
    KR850001190B1|1985-08-19|Method for producing a large ice block
    EP0009986A1|1980-04-16|Support structure for use in water
    JPH05156618A|1993-06-22|Method of constructing artificial marine protective wall body on open sea
    RU2737319C1|2020-11-27|Method of constructing an ice-resistant drilling platform on the shallow shelf of the arctic seas
    SU1092239A1|1984-05-15|Ice foundation of drilling platform for freezing seas in polar regions
    SU1059050A1|1983-12-07|Method and apparatus for paperforming engineering work with ice
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DK85681A|1981-08-29|
    AU542602B2|1985-02-28|
    NO800570L|1981-08-31|
    JPS56124869A|1981-09-30|
    DK151577B|1987-12-14|
    DK151577C|1988-06-13|
    GB2071295A|1981-09-16|
    AU6792581A|1981-09-03|
    FI810576L|1981-08-29|
    IT1135623B|1986-08-27|
    CH651916A5|1985-10-15|
    GB2071295B|1984-09-12|
    IT8119979D0|1981-02-25|
    NL8100901A|1981-10-01|
    NO145926C|1982-06-23|
    FR2479958B1|1985-03-15|
    US4431346A|1984-02-14|
    FR2479958A1|1981-10-09|
    FI67110B|1984-09-28|
    SE440673B|1985-08-12|
    CA1173656A|1984-09-04|
    DE3107261A1|1981-12-24|
    SE8100593L|1981-08-29|
    FI67110C|1985-01-10|
    NO145926B|1982-03-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US3750412A|1970-10-19|1973-08-07|Mobil Oil Corp|Method of forming and maintaining offshore ice structures|
    US3740956A|1970-11-12|1973-06-26|Exxon Production Research Co|Portable retaining structure|
    US3738114A|1971-11-01|1973-06-12|G Bishop|Method and apparatus for forming ice island for drilling or the like|
    US3798912A|1972-07-03|1974-03-26|J Best|Artificial islands and method of controlling ice movement in natural or man-made bodies of water|
    JPS5037412B2|1972-09-04|1975-12-02|
    US3849993A|1973-07-23|1974-11-26|Union Oil Co|Method for constructing sea ice islands in cold regions|
    US3863456A|1973-07-23|1975-02-04|Union Oil Co|Method for constructing ice islands in cold regions|
    US3931715A|1974-07-05|1976-01-13|Mobil Oil Corporation|Method of transporting ice structure|
    US4048808A|1976-04-19|1977-09-20|Union Oil Company Of California|Ice islands and method for forming same|
    US4055052A|1976-07-30|1977-10-25|Exxon Production Research Company|Arctic island|
    US4094149A|1976-07-30|1978-06-13|Exxon Production Research Company|Offshore structure in frigid environment|
    US4187039A|1978-09-05|1980-02-05|Exxon Production Research Company|Method and apparatus for constructing and maintaining an offshore ice island|JPS6328174B2|1983-04-18|1988-06-07|Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng|
    JPS6338872A|1986-07-30|1988-02-19|Jun Dogoshi|Manufacture of ice|
    CA2089509A1|1993-02-15|1994-08-16|William A. Scott|Ice crush resistant caisson for arctic offshore oil well drilling|
    IE960011A1|1996-01-10|1997-07-16|Padraig Mcalister|Structural ice composites, processes for their construction¹and their use as artificial islands and other fixed and¹floating structures|
    IE20000490A1|2000-06-16|2001-12-28|Padraig Mcalister|Ice composite bodies and process for the construction thereof|
    CN101270572B|2008-04-24|2010-08-18|杨举|Dam construction method using refrigeration technique|
    IE86182B1|2010-07-21|2013-05-08|Padraig Mcalister|Structural ice composite body with thermal conditioning capability|
    WO2013182863A1|2012-06-04|2013-12-12|Tomislav Debeljak|Floating dock for manufacturing of floating platforms by artificially freezing of water|
    HRP20120482A2|2012-06-08|2013-12-20|Tomislav Debeljak|Wall of floating platform made of artificially frozen water|
    US9470367B2|2013-10-15|2016-10-18|Elwha Llc|Systems and methods for fluid containment|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NO800570A|NO145926C|1980-02-28|1980-02-28|PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF LARGE ISOLES|
    [返回顶部]